SKU: 26749037626

بلوچستان اور برطانوی سامراج | Balochistan Or British Samraj

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بلوچستان اور برطانوی سامراج | Balochistan Or British Samraj: : 220 1511 1749 1794 1839 " " " "

کتاب: بلوچستان اور برطانوی سامراج

تبصرہ: جعفر قمبرانی

یہ کتاب چھ ابواب اور 220 صفحات پر مشتمل ایک بہترین کتاب ہے جو کہ بلوچ قوم کی حکمرانییت، بہادری اور شجاعت کو بہت بہترین انداز میں بیان کرتی ہے۔ کتاب میں بلوچستان میں نوآبادیاتی نظام کی شروعات سے اثرات تک کو مختلف طریقوں سے بیان کیا گیا ہے۔

کتاب کے پہلے باب میں بلوچستان کی وسیع وعریض سرزمین کے حدود اور جغرافیائی اہمیت کا ایک انتہائی اہم نقشہ کھینچا گیا ہے جس میں دریاوں سے لیکر درے، پہاڑ، ریگستان اور کہی دیگر اہم چیزوں کو زیر تحریر لائی گئی ہے۔ کتاب ہذا کے مطابق بلوچستان وہ خطہ ہے جہاں سے سکندر اعظم کے تینوں قافلوں میں سے ایک بلوچستان کے درہ مولہ اور وہ خود مکران سے ہوتے ہوئے ایران واپس گئے تھے۔ اس سے صاف ظاہر ہوتی ہے کہ جنوبی ایشیاء اور مغربی ایشیائی ممالک کے درمیان بلوچستان پل کا کام کرتی ہے جہاں ممالک بحر ہند سمیت مختلف ممالک سے جڑ سکتے ہیں۔ شاید یہی وجہ ہے کہ انگریزوں کو افغانستان تک جانے کیلئے سب سے پہلے ریاست قلات کو یرغمال کرکے قبضہ اور اپنے زیر کرنے کی ضرورت محسوس پڑی۔

بلوچستان کے معدنیات کے حوالے سے کتاب میں شامل حصے قابل رشک ہیں جہاں کرومائیٹ، بروناہیٹ، سنگ مر مر، سونا، چاندی، گیس، لوہا اور گندھک وغیرہ کے بڑے بڑے ذخائر کا بلوچستان کے مختلف علاقوں میں برے پیمانے پر موجودگی ذکر کیا گیا ہے۔

مزید یہ کہ کتاب کے دوسرے باب میں ریاست قلات اور بلوچستان کے حکمرانوں اور خوانین کا تزکرہ کیا گیا ہے جس میں سحرائی، سیوہ قمبر اور احمد کا تزکرہ سر فہرست ہے۔ تاہم کتاب میں بلا تردد سچ لکھتے ہوئے بیان کیا گیا ہے کہ قلات کی بلوچ مرکزیت کی بنیاد ڈالنے کا سہرا بلوچوں کے میروانی قبیلے کے سر جاتا ہے۔

1511 میر عمر میروانی کا ذکر کرتے ہوئے شازیہ جعفر لکھتے ہیں کہ وہ سردار میرو خان میروانی کے بیٹے تھے اور ان کے بعد قلات کا حاکمیت انکے پاس تھی۔ تاہم انکے بیٹے بجار خان نے حکومت سنبھالنے کے بعد عوام کے ہاتھوں میں دے دی اور خود کہی گوشہ نشین ہوگئے۔ یوں ریاست قلات کی بھاگ دوڑ مغلوں کے قبضے میں چلی گئی۔

کتاب میں خوانین قلات کا مغلوں سے میروانی، قمبرانی اور پھر احمدزئی خاندان تک کا مختصر جائزہ پیش کیا گیا ہے اور سب سے بڑھ کر میر نوری نصیر خان اور شھید میر محراب خان کے ادوار کو خوب خوب بیان کیا گیا ہے۔

خان نوری نصیر خان کے بارے میں لکھتے ہیں کہ 1749 سے 1794 تک حکومت کرکے انہوں نے بلوچ سرزمین کو ایک نئے انداز سے بدل دیا۔ میر نوری نصیر خان ہی تھے جنہوں نے بیرون ممالک سے تجارت و دیگر امور پر اپنی بہترین خارجہ پالیسی بنائی۔ ریاست کیلئے قبائلی فوجی نظام محکمہ انصاف و مجلس مشاورت تک انہوں نے تشکیل دی۔

انگزیر دور کے آنے تک کا اخری خان، خان شھید محراب خان کا لکھتے ہوئے کتاب ہذا انہیں قدیم بلوچستان کا پہلا جہد کار اور مزاحمت کار لکھتا ہے کہ انہوں نے ہی 1839 میں انگریز سرکار اور سامراج کے خلاف قلات میری میں بہادری سے لڑتے ہوئے جام شہادت نوش کیا۔

کتاب میں چند ایسے افراد کا ذکر بھی ہے جنیوں نے انگریزوں کا ہالہ کار بن کر شھید محراب خان اور انکی حکومت کو شدید نقصان پہنچایا۔ ان میں سے چند اہم نام اخوند محمد صالح، اخوند محمد صدیق، ملا محمد حسن اور

شاہ شجاع بن تیمور شاہ ہیں

یاد رہے کہ شاہ شجاع بن تیمور شاہ وہ شخص تھے جنہوں نے افغانستان سے بھاگ کر خان قلات کے ہاں پناہ لی تھی اور پھر انگریزوں کے ساتھ مل کر اپنے محسن مہراب خان شھید کے خلاف چال چلی تھی۔

اسکے علاوہ کتاب ہذہ میں معاہدہ گندامک، معاہدہ ڈیورنڈ، معاہدہ پامیر، معاہدہ الفنسٹن اور ایران برطانیہ، افغانستان روس معاہدات کا زکر کیا گیا ہے اور خصوصاً بلوچستان پر ان کے شدید جغرافیائی اور سیاسی اثرات کا بھی تفصیلات بیان کئے گئے ہیں۔

تمام ابواب کو مطالعہ کرنے سے معلوم ہوتا ہے کہ بلوچستان کا وسیع وعریض سرزمین انگریزوں کی "تقسیم کرو اور حکومت کرو" کے تحت سمیٹ کر موجودہ بلوچستان تک محدود کیا گیا ہے۔ برطانوی سامراج کی پالیسی "لالچ دو" کے بنیاد پر خوانین قلات سے مری قبائل، تالپور بلوچوں اور دیگر کو دست وگریباں کرنے کی بھرپور کوشش کی گئی تھی۔ کراچی ڈیرہ جات سیستان و دیگر بلوچ علاقوں کو بلوچستان سے جدا کردیا گیا تھا۔ اور بلوچ قوم کی تاریخ کو مسخ کرنے اور انہیں آپس میں دست وگریباں کرنے کی غرض سے قوم کو زبان علاقے اور عہدوں کے نام پہ تقسیم کرکے رکھ دیا۔

یقیناً بلوچستان آج جن مسائل کا آماجگاہ بن چکا ہے ان میں سے اکثر انگریزوں کی آمد اور نوآبادیاتی پالیسیوں کے باعث ہی بلوچستان کو درپیش ہے

بلاشبہ برطانوی سامراج وہی ہے جنہوں نے بلا سوچے سمجھے اپنی مفادات کیلئے قلات جیسے عظیم ریاستوں گھمبیر صورتحال سے دوچار اور مسائل کا آماجگاہ بناکر چھوڑ دی۔

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4.1 ★★★★★
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Verified Purchase
Miguel Denyer
Massapequa, US
★★★★★ 1
Don't waste your money - these people will not help you
On March 9th 2024, I purchased a MCombo Lift Chair costing $785. On the same day, through the same Amazon account (my PERSONAL account since I also have a business account), I purchased an Asurion Complete Protect policy at the cost of $16.99 per month plus taxes. About one month ago, a problem arose with the chair that required me to make a claim using the "Complete Protect" policy that I had purchased for that very item. The claim was initiated on January 1st, 2025 - On January 3rd, I received an email asking me for photographs showing the damage for which I was making a claim. I sent those photographs via email to the address provided on January 6th. On January 27th, having not received ANY response from Asurion, I contacted them via phone and was told that my purchase had been made with a business account, that it was being used for business purposes, and was therefore not covered. I assured the Asurion Representative that it was most certainly not a business use, and that the chair that I was claiming for had been purchased because I had extensive shoulder surgery done that made it impossible to get in and out of bed. After speaking (unsuccessfully) with the Asurion Rep, I then contacted Amazon Customer Service. I spoke with an Amazon Customer Service Representative on the phone who confirmed that I had in fact used my personal account to purchase the chair and the Asurion Complete Protect policy. That representative went on to send a message to Asurion on my behalf confirming that the purchase was for personal use and not business use. Asurion responded, asking me to call them with the order number for the Asurion purchase. The number I gave was the exact same order number on my order history, however, the Asurion Rep could not find it. I was finally able to discover that the order number in Asurion's system was entirely different and isn't even in the same format as an Amazon order number. Upon the Asurion representative finding my plan, she informed me that the chair was listed as being purchased for business use (despite Amazon confirming that it was NOT) but that I should give them "a couple of business days" to resolve the issue. Five business days later, still no response and so I called them again (Yesterday - February 1st 2025)... Lo and behold, I got the same crap yet again... the purchase was listed as business use and was therefore being denied, but she promised to remove the business use commentary and put the claim through again. Today, February 2nd, I called Amazon yet again to escalate and had to call THREE times because the first two calls resulted in me finally being connected to an Asurion representative (two different reps) and each time, the Asurion representative hung up the phone as soon as my name was mentioned. It has become clear to me that the Asurion "Complete Protect" policy is a SCAM - they will NOT take care of your issue, regardless of how long you've been paying. I have been paying every month since March 9th last year - so they've received over $170 from me thus far, with zero other claims, and if I am able to cancel right now, I will only receive $16.99 back. All I want, is the chair that I purchased the policy for coverage of, to be repaired or replaced. Asurion are NOT helping, and are actively avoiding contact. At this point, I am considering legal action against Asurion for fraud - perhaps even a Class Action. I'll wait and see if my issue gets resolved within the next 10 days or so.
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Reviewed in the United States on February 2, 2025
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Verified Purchase
CamRam
Whiting, US
★★★★★ 5
Asurion is AWESOME!
Ok, so let me start with the fact that you should NOT waste your time calling Amazon's customer service if you think you have a claim under Asurion's monthly protection plan. CALL ASURION! I wasted almost an hour with Amazon representatives that have absolutely no training in how the Asurion plan works, or even any idea if my item was covered. In fact, they told me the mechanized chair I purchased under the plan wasn't covered! Finally, my call got escalated to a manager who was just as clueless about my coverage, but had the best idea ever... call Asurion! The smartest thing I did that morning was hang up with Amazon, and reach out to Asurion as I should have done in the first place. Dealing with Asurion's customer service, after my Amazon call, was like being elevated to VIP status! 😄 Asurion's rep nicely took all my info, including the chair's purchase date and order number. Then they asked that I upload a couple of pictures of the product, along with a written description of the malfunction I had mentioned over the phone. This is where it gets really good. They told me they'd review the claim to determine if they'd send a repair specialist or reimburse me the cost of the item. In less than 48 hours, they determined that a payout was in order, and sent me an email that included an Amazon gift card for the total cost of the item minus the taxes I had paid, which I loaded directly into my Amazon wallet. Apparently, Asurion does not include the purchase taxes in their coverage. But, I can live with that. All in all, Asurion's claims division get a double thumbs up 👍🏽👍🏽, and the company gets big ups from me for not only standing behind their protection plan, but doing so expeditiously! Special note: If you buy a lot of stuff from Amazon, and have Asurion's monthly protection plan, scroll the item listing before pulling the trigger on your purchase... you need to see the green streamer that indicates your product is protected by the plan. If you don't see that, check to see if there are alternative products that might be covered. There are very few electronic or high ticket items that aren't covered, but looking for that green banner in the item description that says it's covered is key to foregoing any future headaches.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 26, 2026
S
Verified Purchase
Shance L McGuffey
Lexington, US
★★★★★ 5
If they can't fix it they will replace it.
This protection plan that i pay monthly for paid for itself ten fold. My 3D printer just quit working and after the manufacturer warrenty had ran out at that. I submitted my claim they emailed me a shipping label in which I shipped out my printer that same day. Two days later they received my printer determined it couldc not be fixed and sent me a Amazon gift card for the full price of my printer. Today I will be receiving my new 3d printer thanks to Complete Protect. I highly recommend anyone and everyone to purchase this policy. This warrenty is like having a home warrenty like Homeshield but for your electronics and probably other stuff that i just have not read to see what else. This insurance will save me so much money over the corse of this year and every year after that. Thank you Complete Protect.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 22, 2026
N
Verified Purchase
nicolas juarez
Los Angeles, US
★★★★★ 5
"Outstanding support and a seamless process!"
Great experience with Asurion insurance through Amazon. I wasn't sure how to register my items for the monthly plan, but the customer support team in the chat was incredibly efficient and guided me through the entire paperwork process smoothly. Furthermore, the service I received at the repair shop (Break Fix) was excellent. The whole process was seamless, and I received my digital gift card without any issues, which I’ve already applied to my Amazon account. I am very grateful for their professionalism and how easy they made everything. Highly recommended!"
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Reviewed in the United States on June 10, 2026
T
Verified Purchase
Toveth Noyse
Bozeman, US
★★★★★ 5
Received giftcard money to replace my plan-protected malfunctioning motherboard
I've been subscribing to the Asurion protection plan for a while. Recently, an Asus Prime PC motherboard I had bought a few months ago on Amazon stopped working well. I ended up considering filing a claim with Asurion to see if they would either fix/replace it or issue the purchase price money, so I could buy the failed electronics replacement component again for my custom-built PC. I went to the protection plan's website and started the claim filing process but couldn't find the category my failed component would be under in order to select it from the drop-down list. I ended up messaging the live customer service. The chat messaging was somewhat slow, the agent told me they were experiencing some communication delays throughout their systems. Ultimately, the agent was very kind and understanding, and completed the claim filing process for me on her side by asking me to provide the necessary info such as the item's product name, date of purchase, price before taxes, etc. I received a printable UPS shipping label in the email, printed it, and returned the item in the mail. Approximately 2 days later, I received an Amazon giftcard code in the email with the dollar amount equal to the item's price before the sales tax. Then I redeemed the giftcard code on the Amazon page and proceeded to apply the giftcard money to my next purchase of a replacement Asus prime motherboard, and it all worked out successfully. Therefore, I had no issues with the protection plan service and recommend it to others.
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Reviewed in the United States on May 24, 2026

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